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SI=>EECI3:
OF THE
Hon. Mr. MACDONALD (Midland)
ON TIIK
IMPORTS AXD EXPORTS
OF THE DOMINION
Delivered in the Senate, ytli March, i8S()
Hon. rose
Mr. MACDONALD (Mid land)
To call t' e attention of tlie House to the present condition of the trade of the country, import and export, in view of and in connection with the pro- posal of the Government to open .up extended 'iommercial relations between Australia, South America an ' the West Indies ;
Aftd enquire when the Government propoiie to introduce any measure in relation to the sam^ ?
Ho said : To a lai'ge gathering aHsem- bled last December in the Exchange Booms, Georgetown, Demai-ai-a, composed of the leadi. ig merchants, bankers, planters and attorneys of estates and othei-s who were good enough to afford me an oppor- tunity of addressing them in, as I was careful to state to them, an unauthoi-ized way, as to the desirability of extending commercial roiatione between their coun- try and Canada, I promised :
Ifet. That immediately on my return I would bring the subject before the Toronto Board of Trade for its consideration and action.
2nd. That ujpon the assembling of Par-
'ament I would, in my place in the Senate,
' its attention to the subject, also, by
'ing a notice upon the Paper for the
jose of having it discussed^ and
;d. That I should do everything in my er, by m}' tongue and pen, to make colony better known in the Dominion I it had been heretofore.
I made these promises thinking pos- sibly that the Government might beinflu- oncinl to move in thatdireetion, but without having the slightest idea that its policy during the pivsont .Session was to take that shape. The tirst of these promises I lost no time in fnltilling, by the delivery of an address before the Toronto Board of Trade, and notwithstanding the announce- ment of the Government as to its purpose in relation to that traile, I see no good cause why I should delay carrying out my
ri'omisein lelation to the Senate. IndeodLj think it all the more fitting that what f have to say should be said before the Government brings tfown the pai'ticulars of its plan. I may add that it is. now on record as the expression of opinion of that influential gathering in Demarara that "they (its membeir; warmly desired closer relations with the Dominion of Canada."
This resolution they were good enough to pass at the close of my address, and I cannot, thei-efore, but express my gratifi- cation that the trade openings which, to my mind, British Guiana and these islands present, which so invitingly await us, which have been so long neglected and so unwisely overlooked, are now in the present Session to have the attention of the Government, with a view of turning them for both countries to the best pos- sible account.
I was not, I must say, prepared for th€| amouftt of interest whion these humbUi
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eflforts, nH far m thoy Imvo «one, appear to have awaktii.Ml, but if I am to judge by the niiml»eroflottoiH which f havoieceivo«l, by those letters of introduclioii which' I have wiittcn, by the people who have made enquiricH, by those who have already gone, and by (hose who are going to the IslandH and to Hritish Cruiana, 1 have been le<l to ask myself if these* be the results which came fVom tlje observations of a private individual, travelling for his own pleasure, and bringing these under (ho notice of the Board of Trade, what must be, what may be, the result when the con- centrated power ot the (lovornment is brought to bear upon an opening so full of inteiest to the j)cople of tliis country?
The Government ask the House for its assent in providing subsidies tbr the im- piovement of the Atlantic Mail Service and tor the establishment, in concert with Her Majesty's Government, of a line of fast steamei's between Hritish Columbia und China and Japan, and also a^k it to consider the best nKxle of developing our trade and securing direct communication by steam witb Australasia, the West' Indies and South America.
J shall ask your attention onlv to that portion of the Goveinment's pol'icy which relates to Australia, South Ameiica and the West India Islands.
1 may be allowed, just at this point, to say that one pressing need of ou. country is that of population.
It is, ot course, self-evident that if our population were double what it now is that the pi-oportion of our debt per capita would be just one lialf of what it is.
That our national works, in theconstruc- tion of wliich our debt has been laigely increased, would be turned to account in an immensely increased measuie.
That our manufactuies, many of which are worse than idle, would have enlarged room for their productions, and that cir farming community would have a greatly enlaiged mai.ket for theii- pioducts.
This is not the time to discuss tnis sub- ject, although I may «-ay that I believe that additiv)ns of immigrants vastly in excess of any who have yet settled among us could be induced to add to the wealth and the Importance of the Dominion by becoming owners in fee simple of the countless homes which await the settler. But our policy is, under any cirCum-
Btances and at all times, (hat of the largest possible commercial intercourse with the largest possible number of friendly states or nations.
To consider, then, the proposal of the Government, look first at tiie colony most remote from us — Australia.
It may be that there are mlvantages greater than any that I have been able to perceive which would accrue to the Dominon by attracting the trade of the Australians by the Canadian Pacific to the old woild, and hence that may be a reason for desiring rapid steam communication with (hat colony. Whether or not that
would just ify any large e.xpenditure,or even a mrKle:atee.\|)enditurein thatdirection, I I leave i( with otiiers to determine; but for all purposes of trade between the two countries on anything like an extensive scale, a moment's reflection will, I think, <'onvince anyone that such an expectation IS not likely to be realized.
In fact, the cause which led to the tardi- ness of the discoveiy of Australia, that of Its i-emoteness from the other poi-tions of the glt>be, must necessarily act as a bar to extended commercial jelations between the Australias and Canada.
Nature has been most profuse in the bestowment of her gifts to that country; and, as though it were in view of her being so far lemovcd from the family of nations, has endowed hei- so richly that she has within herself everything that a nation reqiiiies to make it great, prosper- ous and independent.
The Huperabundanco of her gold has helped to change the value of commodities throughout the civilized world.
Hci- coal and iron make her independ- e!)t, so faj- as manufacturing is conceined, of any nation on earth. Her climate is so suited for wool-giowing that if but the tenth part of her threo'million of square miles weie peopled, and a reasonable proportion devoted to sheep-raising, she eoufd gi'ow wool enough to supply the wants of the world; while the wheai fields of Southern Australia are sufflci to give food to the continent.
Indeed, it may be affiiined that wants nothing. Her manufactures, some departments, have reached a pei tion far, far in advance of anything have attained in Canada. I refer especi to the manufacture of fine woollens, bi
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and nnnow. niul nUo to th« finest niirH. wrnpH an.l l.lanketH. fn these k-hkIs Lv fur the finest exhibit at the (?nlii»i.hine« oqiiaiiin^r ,„ peifeclion of eoloiinif and oxcelleneo of finish anything, which could 1)0 pioduced in any pjut of the world were those fiom the woollen mills of' IJiinedin. in Xew Zealand. Almost every- thin^r which wo have to offer she possesscH, >^o that she looks upon us as her rival in nearly all which coiistittites her wealth.
But apa-t from the f-ieat distance which divides us, and the factof how little she needs our manufactures, look at her popu- intion, and then see how far apart even those are scattered, ami it will I.eaiiparent how unlikely it is for a paying' trade, or indeed u lar^e trade, to spring up between '»ofh countiios. I find her population to be as follows :—
and lumber, but tor either Ontario, Quebec or the Maritime Provinces I hco but little prospect of a trade which would be at all likely to grow at any time into large nra- portions. ^ I" '•
I ha<l reached these conclusions entirely from what I knew of the products of the Austiahas—trom having seen them, and -om thecoinmon sense aspect oftheca8e,in taking into consideration thegreatdistance wiMch sepai afes thetwocountries, as well a8 the scantiness of the poiMilation; and before commg in contiict with any one who had
New South Wales 957,985
New Zealand r,^^^'^^^.,
Queensland •'I.3 5''5
South Australia ;:;: iiJ^aa
Jftsmauia ,33 7,,,
Victoria. ... ... 1,009 753
Western Australia .'wJlSG
'""" 3,254,145
Hon. Mr. MACBOXALD (lU; )Zriow recent are these figures ?
Hon Mr. MACDONALI) (Midland)- These figures are taken f roni the States- man s Year Book of 1887. 1 am not aware it .r^' '"*^'; ^^''^'^tics. It is quite trio
«41,8J2, ,n 1873 to «446',019,1n 1888, or of »-6,94fi per annum ; an increase so insig- mnZ'n ? ?.^ ^" '"""'•'" ^''« statement «u™r. fV ' ""^•'■"' •'•ffl«"'tie« which hu iioiind the car/ying on of trade with those distant colonies. Coarse and cheap goods sent by steamer
7^,*; f ^" r1"''^y '^"^ '^' *''« q"^'^^^'*" i they Z 1 f ■ T ''"^ .P'^««ibility stand thi
inn 1^ r/^''-^ "'^''' ^y '^^ «"d land. Fine goods of their own hianufacture thev can supply m with, and as for British go.^ls tlieAustrahPn merchants stand deservedly
of^l?«"„ J '"111'"*" "^' ^^^ ^"''J »« mei .1/ f '''^*''^^' «•«*'* 'Ability, great uprightness every house of note having ' > »< i-ngiish house in' London, in the Aus-
w- 'Ll""'"^*"' ""^ ***a^ great city. With British Columbia something might possibly be done to a limited extent in fish
attempted to oncn uj. trade between both <-ount.ie.s, but having spoken with gentle- men whe had ma.le tlie attempt, their
experience has W(.ndei-fully confirmed the impressions which 1 had formed, in cases, 00 where the class of g,>o<|s in which tfej dealt aj)pea red (.fall otheis the most likely of finding a market, viz., furniture and agricultuial implements.
In the case of furniture, then— the larjfo and respectable concern, the Bowmanville Manutacturing Co.— at the invitation of he (royeinment sent out a shii.ment to tlie Molbouine K.xhibition. The Ireiirht was paid by the (rovernment, the local c-harge. ,h.trayed by the Commissioners. .So excellent was the work that first prizes wore obtained. Under these circumstanJos tlie go..,ls were sold and the sales realized cost price. Invited to send out ro<ru|ftr consignments of goods to theii- market, the company expressed their readiness t<i do so on being advised as to the class of goods most suitable and most likely to secure speedy sale. "^
On the information being furniphed the goods vyere sent. The prices realized I were ruinous, and on receiving returns at the end of two years, or thereabf)uts. the company wfthdrew from the market. Mr McArthiii', the manager, expressed much interest in the facts which were brought to ighf in the Toronto Boanl of Trade addiess, in relation to South America, and expres.sLu his readiness, on account of its greater nearness, to open up a trade with that market.
I The other case is that of the Massoy Manufacturing Co., a company which has rare tacihties for iurnishing agricuitural imp ements, of which they are such larire producers. °
What has been their experience ? The first venture of this large firm was the
01
ooimignmont of « «hiiimciit fn „ r... I - -=i=;=s
''»v«f.M..y-.lml,i,, view „f ,7,0 i'3'
while that of flic A,..r..n«iM,. n '"i .' .' . :.!. ."^ '"'!*'*' ''^ "nm.^r,,i„ts from year to
n the consulemtion of this\/uo ' .m I T^"'^:^ '""'•^' '"^'ifi''^' in thJ w«v f ?ot%t/!!^ ""^'^ !!-\" «"'i^"x o. St.
AuHtmlm, on the other hand, to be «.
From Quebec to Vancouv..r... """: Vancouver to Svdney, ^'"'**
Honorable ^'ontlcmon will learn som«
o /'Sfm"' '^^'•^^•^""'•^•-- ^Vre«,linSMZrt o 8.me(,n Jones, which thov have amE their papers, an.l which will vcr w. n repay « perusal. ^'> ^^*''
.ro?frs;:KrB'Jr„f^t-'^
w ny not take the diHtance from Vancouver '>""' of their Vast nronprfvu b"ild'»?8. The to Australia ? ancouvei ^^^ 'r ;as property has been acquired by
„ „ pence." ""'''"'' ^'^ "ot possess a si/-
Hon. Mr. MACDONALDrMiHhnHA r •
men?"'?hr "^fVi'^ *^««^^^ ^rarg":: thaLome^>Cn"n'^^ ""-''^ «"ch statements, Z.?i*«f "^^^ '*'''^''**<* «"« <>f ^he nearest shm.M T h' ? ''"'"'g'"ant«, chiefly Irish
-reatoi; Dan«iin, like tL«' "thlTy ,\"?™ i . ,,^»^^__Mk. JUODONA^^ (B.C.)_Dtt
in«|they offerfroo g™„i; of^';:;, ffi
•e?
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"•- ." ... .:;;';i, I'i'^- ■ >■ '-w- , ^sz ^2 ;':,;;;;:/ ::;";;''■ ■" -""
Amazon. winMisj;{(ioo»,,M'' •'v.,,- f|„. »10H.;{1'4 ;>«iv „ ^, JiV'l'r,^"'' '^^4 whs
paied with A list, i' ''""^'' "^ «'•"»- fo l»o gllH^V.^Vu;. ."'''' "'" ''«'>» <>'' 1888
tho porl iieaiN . I -^ ''xHi^'ikmis to us, nu-nf nn . . *""' "'« "'"'"ul Dav-
p.-.»luol«. '"""> "f ""■■ "'''«..'^^ln„(b,.",„"l M,', , , "',"" 'l"'y wo™ at
T» ^ • ■ ^ oions on railwavR
'oZtvtr^ r'" »"-. "'"■'» y*'y .^^Jr--^'^ ,IZ"'
with the nast to i! i . P'' ^^i*^"' to-day quia river' ^""""»ti-
to periods do S'ff'l'^P'^®*^""""*, as . IVXT T'^i''''^"^^''^
covering fifteen years,a pe,' JlffoVeSolt '^ ''"''"''^••••- "'«'»'''«
^ ' ^°**> -iHw^
In iwldition wo have oxponditiin* for Tl^JWroxam,,U^ wofak.. tlu.iotal im^M,|.tH
Princ.. Kdwanl IhI«ii(1 lUllway... $2IH0«H i f"" *''*' >''''"" '^^•*' ^^•' '''"' ♦»•<»'*«' '<> "HVtt
C.pe BrtMon K«ilw«y m,im r^'"' •12H.1'1.V,H2, wliilc fhiiMofor 1888
Short Line Hallway 209,360 | art' 11 10,8!»4,«k{0. oi- H..im' «I8.0(M),(H>0 Iohh
Total $l~ilM , ' I"«>P""*' It'avin^r to otliris 'Mic' lank of
! provm^ that tlio vxitciidiLirt' in wa^cH in
frt. I .1 ... . |»'X(;eMH of tin' (ixiK'ntlifiiiv imid hv mann-
m.d then, that a-comparo-l with 18741 rmtinorK for thV natno i, .rpo,.o i„ t «
our '... .Kat.onH are t.Mlav •17.HMI,528- yoa,^ 1874 and 1875, or >ith Ir .1 ho m
mor;, than doublo what tUy thn, woro.'will ho o.n.al to thi^ dofioionoy. I S
xMow. (»t this onorn.ouH oxpondituro, dimply endeavor to Had a cause for the
exceptKn to any .torn, let ,m enquire in as t.» what wo eonsutno as to what we wmtrdat.ondothose works, as well as furnish, not so nuud. as ,o what wo v ,s our ohh.^at.ons, stan<i to the trade ..f the to what we sell, not so nu.ch as to wh a we
mZ .7. ''"" "";' r^ \ ^^''1'! ''"«" *''« ' '"'^ "'•<"' <>.n- ••a.kH or that wi.h Jvl • Z" meehaitexpectwh<.enlar«eshisproraiHes;a.lornour houses «« to what we product anddo.d,losoveryexiH(in«aKenevine<.n. fn.m our looms, what we send f.lTn, ur
XTZ'i^'\^"'f''''\y^'y' this mities,. our forest, our tisherie.s and o 8impl>, that hiH tra«le would, in conse- farms— what the result t.) the oountrv in
^ What is't'hTer 'T ""'"'rli I "'' ^''.« '•'^'"•''•^' •"•"^'>' "*' "-' ^'ovenmfon
What IS the oxpoelalion oi the manu- to its manufaotures. Surely we are
fucturer who make «reat^ additions to his ! entitle.l to look, after such an oxpenditur
plant and perfect, his huihlin^ and ma- Tor K'reat result; What are they ? '
^'"■.^/P""* '""r '•'« y^^' •888 were $ 90.203,000
And for 1874 they were 89,351 928
Or a difference of. | 8B1,072
1 do not think that objection can ho taken to my statement when 1 say that such resultrt, under 8uch oircumatances. to use the very mildest phrase, are disap- pointing, such as should load to searclung enquiry, with a view of reachimr the needed remedy. I «nd that we aie dointf with Britain to^lay «40,U04,!»84, against •45,003,882 in 1874. We are doing with :
Portugal in 1888 $1S5,R21 against $193,463 in 1874 Itay 55,090 " 190,211 "
Holland ;)78 " 14,»06 '<
Belgium 17,057 " 240,494 "
Newfoundland 1,523,829 " 1,569.079 " West Indies 2,001,486 " 3,778,796 "
Whj', that he will have a corroHpond- ingly incioasod production with a conos- pondingly increased income !
Is it unreasonable, therefore, that with the enormously increased facilities which these weighty flgures imnly that weshould look for a correspondingly increased volume in the trade of the Dominion ; that with the enormous expenditure on rail- roads, on canals, on graving docks, on harbors, on riven^, all important factors m the development of the trade of any country, that we should enquire, fiom a trade stand-point, what has boon the result of all this outlay ? Has it boon to make the manufacturing power of the country felt at homo ? Has it been to make Canada a power in the markets of the world? Obseive, I do not include the amounts allowed to Pi-ovincoa or of the expendi- ture upon Dominion lands. My lomarks apply only to the large outlay on rail and
■water courses for the purpose of perfecting our modes of coram uncation, and in i-efei- ence to this large expenditure I ask, what have we to show, so far as our trade is concerned, in the form of productive results ? I grant we have the woi-ks. hut to what extent and in what manner have they contributed to swell the business of the country ?
having actually done with these countries »(>,452,187 more in 1874 than in 1888: with the United States, Fi ance, Germany, Spain, South America, China and Japan Australia, and what is tabulated under the head of other countries, we are d- ingmore the difference being $7,403,059, or in other words, the increased tiado with these countries has done little more than counter- balance the !o.h.4 s^ustained in the others, the excess over the loss beinif under $1,000,000 in fifteen years ! Indeed, had it not been for the gain
(I
with tho Uniewl stafoM. with which on..n try w« .li,|. in IH8H. » InT of I /:^47^ ".-<« than wo ,!i.| ,H74 (hu nnr.^Hv enough not n.o,v ,h«„ ./r.wth im?| Uollarn ,n cx.vsh of our fra.lo w , /.
tlm(«vc^yn,o,nlH>.of,his|Io,,'cwn. n :' ««|;l «s nn.sari.(a,.,o,.y „.„ ,„ ^l!;^
J^ ""u.t.icM. on «h,. hasis or^.o<H|.t.nf.Mc.,
>!• «-onHnn,p.,on an.l oxporUHl,' ,hc' l'
lowuitf f|;ruros, nanioly : ' '
ForiKHH"'* *''''''''''' ""' ^^■■»-»-'»".75«.0!»7 1!>."{,(»5(M(»(»
JL "" ,^'''\- »■'!'• 1H74 over 18HH of
• iI0.«.»4.M<» fhon, must remain the Mini
r. a^'c'H, ,.|ofhi,rK an.l woarin^ apparol • .luKuan.1 twin.., n,,,.,,., fu,AZ,mi
^r. sHwar... Krin,|„,o„., pla,,,, \)^;ZZ V«- ••"I-. ...lia rnhh'or. nu,n ftiu-tu en
>» H«'H <in.i iron n.ad.in.u-y Howi,,^
»"'l "liooH harncHs an.l himLILmv. lin... and
r «-oun(nc.s, noap. „„„,.,,^ J.,,,,,,, ' ""•'•';•• ;'<Kur. t.,l.»,.,.,, ^v.:„| |»,,"|h hon..h..M tarnitn:.., wo..lU.n.-.i:'S;
Our Tra.le an.l Xavi^jation Import for
tvol^ T''^'''V'M'''n,tiv.MaM.of;h,
xports nn.h>r fhoi,. res port ivo hoa.lin^H
o nnci that the cxporlN »;„■ ,|„. ..,..,,. |1«H „n,lor tho lH.,l.| of n.annn:.tu;.::
A.i.i •v;;- tins ••;hip:-^iiHr-;; *-''-''«•'-
, '^"^''"'" 7H1V00
oi »«_ 1^5.4(0 exported from thecoimtrv tomal<on.,tlK,M,m..f«l{»;M,r,OiO(» '
reasonahlv look for Nalistactorv fiir,„.os %...0H which will demonstrate? how o»; mannhu-.urerH hav,. fuminhed evi, om-e of
ine policy fi.uy ),„^.,, eniovfd in fh..
chunietcM-andextontoftheiiixports. ''' i^et us see, then, of what items thoso
Produce of the mine « , „o„ .„„
Fisheries * Jr"9,48fl
Forest 7.871,105
Anir,iul8fln.J i»'eir produce;:;;:: fn'To'Tn i
AKncutiural products 20 n??'J^? '
Aittnufiicturis iOiH.o.-J.JS
MiscellftneousaVticles;.".';;;: '''Hi'}?;!^
Com aud bullion 897..y).}
Estimated amount sp^nratiii-Uud ''''' 3,08J,.322
$!»0. 20^,000
W«. have, then, as the result ofo«rcxneii diture on railways, canals, rivern harK"
what^^f ;:' '( '' r'-'^ e-vport'tnule f What 18 c asse(i undei- the head of manu factiires of «4,G1«,953. "'
. This, be it rememheied, includes evo..v imaginable kind of manul^c u "n^' ^Zr
"gncultuml impk.me„t«, boo™.,' ^nSs
I In all «'j fn , -i^t
I ,,! "•'<• t'"H item, .ha,- ;;;• shipsS;.!;
i ll''!»«hentere.lasun.h.ra.li;tin,VC
I 1 rind under the same he'idin.r »i. exports for IHTH to he «5 »r>' ft J ." faking hoth years, an average of «4 m^i -<».•. m other words, an avenge 'r^^'Sfil K-eater per annum than ..ur exm>rtTslHfj "'"'«<• this head for IHHH ' •^P''''''* «how
These tables unfold nomo curious results
to al distinci loM (»f the ship'-buiLlin-imGr OHt, .hips be ng built at Qlieboc i Ih"] to the value of «7H2,!)t)0. Ships were soM to other coiintr es, in the vear ^H7r * T
tantindustryfortryiJ'TirE" the exports under the head of leath«.h Lj
maniifactu-es of leather to ■ H7 'a^^ ""^,
foi 1888 the amount un.ler the same hZd
•H put down at $m,2-M not one h«lAT
, "mount of that exported in IsX ""^
I %»;es. and ^^J^.^I^f^^^^^^ . t^e^e jH^-^^imak^thee.,^^^^^
Idon t think,then, that with our wonder-
8
^
fully ltirm.HO.1 r«,.iliii,H an.l „.,r onor- m..uH|y innoiiMtMl ol.li^aliotn tliH view of ouroxportK ,,,„ K„ r,.^,,,,!,,,, „, „ j
0 l.a, .lu. ,.o|i,,v or ,|M. (JovoLh.,.,
Ht »„.„.,. „„.| prut.M.I o,,,. |,o,„„ „,„„„.
|« n..i I., |,ml.| up an oxpoit ha.lt. I M.ii.k
lliy ';•.'"• "'"' '• ••"*-''" '•• '•*' '» ••'<• l". IT ' "'""""'"''"'""■«'•« ilHit ilNlioiiM
IimK'ihI, iIm-iv is II., ,,,10 flasH w|,i,.|, woul.l iK.iiofil inniH. I.y a.i oxtnuKnl oxport M-"U<! than (Mir iuaiiutacfiiM.|H, and the most Mi^.iial HO. Vic. til,. (J..v..nniu.nt coiiM ' i-«n(lor to fh.wn uoiiM l,o t.. makr. as fast aHalM.voniim.iii .an niuU... i|„. oponi,,,, iij> now maiJa'ts to tlioni availal.l,.
ln.loo.l if the ai-uniont of p:„t«Hfiii.r homo in.luHtiios moans anytliinir .>ii tho pa.t ol thoHi. who a.lvocato tl.o pojiov It nioans t ho invosiin^ of ,ho 'man.,: tutf mor with ^'loaliw powoi-s, of „|,ii.K|. in^' him fiom compotition. and thiisenahl- inj,' him to push his man.ifaotiiros into murhct.s iHyon.i thoso of 'on,- own l>«>iiiiiii(,»n.
1 havo rofoiTo.1 only u, tho -i-osh amount ' of our iinports oon.parin^ i„„h j,,,,^ It may ho jiroHtahlo li)r a inomont or two ' t.. look at thoso iiioro olosoly, as thor« may bo kMHons to ho drawn from suoh a loviow ' which miKht othorwiso ho ovorlookod
I have Htalod (hat tho total imports' for 1874 wore «lL'H,2i;{,582 and fiw 18K8 «11(>. niii' ,'i " ^•'*'''«"<'" «>t al^)ut $1H,0()(». "1H». I have said, 1 would soo whotlior wo can «iHoo;-tain whoic iho loss ha,s ooeurrod and it pos.sihlo dotorinino the cause. Wo «nd the most serious falling off h.iH hoon with (,reat Britain, where tho diflorenoo
wU .'Th' '!'i "" ""^^ '''"'•'<' "'^ compared Wo ai-o also doing less with Newfound- land and with the West Indies than we did Joiiiteen years ago. Our trade with the United States, with France, with Spain, with Portugal, with Italy, witli Belgium has reniained m.ioh the same as it was then, while it han increased withOlermany, Holland, Smith America, (?hina and Japan Switzerland, and what is tabulated a.s other countries.
,. .^®\".'* """L«eoJf we can account for
this fallini' off Wp fin{\ thai *K- „ -'cr -*-• "« nna tnal ihu amount
ot duty paid upon imports in 1874,1
amoiinUng to 11 28.21. 1.582, Inolurjini, ft^ anddiitiahlogo.).|s, was 114,421.882, and
• in .8!i4,,.|„ ^,.„„ |22.ifn!i,(;»i. r.r in oiLt
«oids, (hal up,m g.HHis n^prosenting in
aluo alMMit II^tMMf.tmu loss we paid duty
<'lla>o.xtent|7.787,7.'i!l,noro, lint this is '•t all, h,r wo fin.| of this iM0,8!»4 ti.jo
».1.I,J0I 27,. and that the <lutiahle go^Hln "I""' which »22,lH7.8f{!» has hoon colh-otod amount only t<, the sum of ««{«) «;45 8'>4 »<" il.al upon this sum an average dirtr
a^l'n.nimid. This, i, appears to me. ough to K, a sufllnoni answer to the ouostion
7 ••N|Ch..l.hink.tohocon.Mnoi;:g^^^^^^^^^^^^
that whatevo, henefil tho existing pojioy
'"»y have hoon to individuals it oann<,t l«,
'"'' "V"^" •'««» »'^'l|'t'«l to the export trade of the country. '
1 1 must ho «d,soivod that with ovorv country \yith wliich it is proposed to open up .'Xtendod communication wo have l.ml
w h .South America, and more recently Willi Australia. ^
1 have endeavored to show that our trade xyith Australia is not likely, hy roa- , -^on ot Its great distance and other causes evor^to ,lovoh,p into large m-oportioiis. Fii this I may ho mistaken, /trust I am.
Ihe West Indmn tshinds, contiguous to •1-, needing the very commodities which "0 liavo t<, ofler, having many of tho arti- cioswhich wo require forour own coasump- t ion, and containing a |K)pulation en ual to or rather laigei' than tho Dominion of'Canada are markets in a very special manner worthy all tho eflbrts which we can put tor- ward to .secure and retain their trade. What the possibilities are which are open to us there I endeavored to put before the loionto Boanl of Trade, as the result of »».> own personal observation durintr a recent visit to .several of the most import- ant of tho,sc islands as well as to British (.Tuiana.
Much that I there stated I am not now going to repeat, nor indeed is it necessary as the loronto Board of Trmie sent copies
as v..„ xu.wmo jjoaru oi irmJe sent copies ot the address to tho various Boai-ds of irado in tho Dominion, as well as to the members of the Senate and the House of Commons; and whatever the information may be worth it is now In the hands of hon. gentlemen. Yet there are facts in
)
t
I
4>
In
4i
Canada Feather* (IIm.) .,
{;:iHhinKi„..ki,. (value)::::;:, „j^
► ru.f. .hio.l (vHl ) I 5 ,,,„'
|jla-<swuio (viil.) ' .j|,^
In HhiI„Ho,w Hh-v .In $4 (.. .,„r 81 ;V"'*' '" •IVini.la.l ilH.ir tra.l.. in .over.' tim..s;;n.af."i- fhun ours, tlu-ir (m.lo in that
anj «x(t.n,|o,| iok.it.iu.o to Hkiiicn. altl,<,„,r|,
tl.oy aro, to my own min.l, nn inton'stini;
H upon tl.u.r , iscovcy, thoy woro ntarf- ^
"•A'. I must, howovor, lofiM- to tiarnvH
rolatin^r to one of o,,,. own c.lonioH-I '
noan N..wt<,.in(llan.l-wheio fh« maikot :
I'kot.at oftho WoHt Indian maH o is I
«i'nc.| l.y the Unito<l Stato.an.l ou.sXVi '
wh. ', thoy heat UH i„ the ^Yo.l In.lics. wt, '
beat u,„nnx\ewfoun<llan<l,th««.M,.litions >u i»oth niHOH hoin^Mniilar I
To HHti«ty myself on this point I went
to the ti-oublo of disseotini/ the entire
«nm<.,ts to the island from iK.th conn os
»n'l with thefollowin^r,.eH„it:_ '
To Newfoundland Canada sends : I
Sliet'p K Aor '
rnited States sends.:.::.:;:;.;;:;;:; v'onB
Apples— i^one
Canada ooq* i, i
^ United States..:..::::;::::.:.-;;;:- f-Si ^>'-
Appl.-s, Dried— '^*
Canada sends ook ik„
Beef-^""*"^ States sends ;;;::;;;; ii,460 '<
(■anada sends i ua i.-i^
United States sends .:; I'em ''
Biscuit— i,o».i
Canada sends i lofi „«••
United States sends ' 4, "'•
Mardwaic
«b ». »nd first that the Mnite-I States .|o <:.n«d..,.„d« . ,,. ,.
• «besc, ,„i,„„i, „ ,.„,„ .y-'"'-' ««•'«- .ond....z::::.::.::::io:5??'^
"'" we do-that that tm-fo is done, ly "'"Cu ,.,„..
nu-nun ,h.. ve,y .dass of <.on,m.Hliti.,s i',l- ^ I'nPi^^erHi:^;:^: S'Jj;
whieh we are admiral, y ...luipiKvl ,„ , '■"ncv lli..uiis- ^*<^*^
mat.y artieleK. indeed, whi.f. lhey!Tor.|er ' '— ' " '
n.H.
lH,H7tJ lH2,Hm>
2n,7(}.''.
fl.144
2 1, mi
.'(."SO
7.i,H4;»
H,2!)|
!M),!M);i
'.•(M»
17
i,:'7a I7.;w7
.'KJ.r.tM! UHti
11.1 '
4(1.1, .13.1
5,042
.350
.12
\l,2Hr>
62
9,S1.1
II, .19.1
7,(J10
(vhI.) IJTM
Urd(vui) .' 'j",;;.-^
iA-aihrr(vfti.) ;:;;; ;,,,;,.;,
j.eiitlur Miiri'(val.) m nt
l.umlici(tt.) .3 •jn'^i',
Ijressed lumber (ft.). ....:..': i'7ii'>r
«•"';'•'• /v«M '.$'^:^i
«tat aim poultry (val.)
7
.V12
.12. H.^ 7
oiax.scH (Kali.^.) .jl lift
Misrellaneous (val.) ...'u •»7''«o
<>aiM(vai.) '. • r'-;-;^
Oatmeal (val ) :;:::" 7. loo
h'T-'f^'" "i' (lf»l) 8:3»7
I'aiul (val.) , |g^
PrintiriK p„per (val.)...:;;; 4..'569
I'ea.M (hrls.) ., 7,.,,
I'ork (hrls.) :; J'J'I*'
{•otatoe.d.us.).. ]2H,'5B5
ReH.Jy-made clothing, val.$ 1.175
'" ' ' 4,479
2»i8
oijions (vHi:).....:::::;;:::::::^; J;J||:J
Wood ware (val.) 7 ijr,
"oollens. Cotton (val.) J.' 154
.Vewfoundland imports from the
United KiuRdom jK 1 on nni
From Hritish Colonies ...:::::.: * •''^i C«
I- rom foreign countries :;; i.'sn, 168
Total
Tallow (val.)
Vejfctable.s (bus.).
571 12,0HH 27,097
.$ 0,020,036
-. ^. ,T . . — e receives
trom the United .States «1,(J72,S10. She
of which latter amount she receives
Books
r
Canada sends (value) §a 9.11
Butter-"*^ States sends (value) .Z %']
Canada sends 1 ,4, -wf
^ United States sends 87« ^'
Canvas— ""'
Canada aend.o f vnlite) *!« aii
United States sends...::!.";:.:' 5'»^''*-*
Cheese— *''
Canadasends on^ «»4
United States sends:.:.:::.:::.:::.:::.::; 2! «
I 782; Brazil, $1,02!>,!>35. I Nmv, while the United States heat us in I the West India Islands in bread butter I cheese, bi.scuits, flour. lard, modicne, meat' I poultry and oatmeal, in every one of these i commodities we beat them in Newfound- land, and while 1 have shown that their } trade IS lar^^er in each oftho West Indian ) colornos than our is. in ,.ome of them n« j much as seven times greater than oui-s. j our trade m Newfoundland fs greater in volume than is the trade of the United
10
♦KjT^- ^y '■"'r'^ "" argument other than thw iH needed to provo that if ^ve can beat the United States in ho many Trt^cI^H 'n Newfoundland there in no reason why thev should beat UH, nt they now do ,V he same a.-ticles in the West Indie no
hTm^/r ^^'^l"^ ""* beat 'hem in the West Indies an<l South America.
«nmiy-^ ''"J'*'"'*' *his trade thei-e must be something more than fast steamers -ind
theio must be a manifest friendly feelin- on ho part of the Ciovernment^o inv te ^J^^ f'^'^'' '•^'"."^'^' b>' the remove wav ofTh« I '""'/"•";'^ may exist in the Tmlfnu^ '"'^ff i"''' ^■^'^"^t^ commercial m d hvH •"' ""^K^'"-' *'^ the largest extent and by the purchase of what tf?ey have t<
otr want '' r"'^*^^"' '' T "^^'^^ -^^' ' oui wants. I may say the possibilities of
the«e Inland, for the l^^owlf and profiuc- ' Safo • h"'"'''"'"''. ^'"•"odities arJ vastly gi eater than we, without personal examina- tion, are prepaied to realize. For example : They can grow as good
world, and only want the encouragement '
Sent'^r'^/'^r.^ ^'^^'^ (^« afiSd field of «n/' '"'^ *^ ^"te,. upon this new frf/f ''f <^"t«''P"«e as one of the articles of mterchange between both countrie , and to that extent at least furnishinL/new materia for return cargoes. It may bT
Srlt'"^ *'■ """^^ *h« character 7the caigoes similar to those which we can supply which are consigned to thosrma"!
numbfi, wh™ k^'t'^ ^"^ ^'^^ from among a number which I possess, the contents of a
sch^oneT'^^w' '^T^ ^^fb^ three-masted scnooner '' Wm. Hayes," twenty-four davs from ^ew York, 382 toLs. HeJe a^-e tK
poiK, luo brls. of pork head^ • fin k,.i . oatmeal; 50 brls. oilCeal ; 60 bVls la.-d
Sso Vq?n ''T*'''"^'^'"^"«5 150 boxes o to.' ljf?«^«««'<cj;o«eneoil; 75 brls.
Sf l!i' f i™; ""''' 5 ^''ate« ham; 200 bnf 'il-^'^' ^'^^ "^««^ cornmeal 125 brs h?if P.T' ^^^ ^"'^dles brooms; 5 h±h'Attba"S'. 30 -^««-- beef;' 2| WPhi^and's^dS'^'i'^-' ^«'^^«l
arttcir'll ^t'hf ''^ '""" ^bat almost every article in this cargo, which I may say is
uStersttV^^'^^^"'^'^^'^ ««"t"'^-^h" united States to that market, could b»
I ''"' Amoncai, import, to Ihi "ono i»rt
, month, and also at what we find at thi« one port to be the average mon hly con
hnSr^r ^' '"^' *^"' *be Amirk'n impoitslor one month in the followini. articles to be: Floiir, 6,147 brls em n^ meal 210 brls; oats, 2o5 bags;' c^o n ,050 bags; split peas, 495 brt. pork' 1,060 brls.; beef, 114^ brls.; hamr26 ' cmtes; cheese, 150 bols; oleo'mm-gaHne 250 cases; lard, 429 cases; lard oil 80 cases ; kerosene, 3,900 cases ; tobacco 7 hhdH.; pitch and tar, 181 brls.'; mules, 1 4 Ihe avera-^e monthly consumption at
I 500 brl?'"''' L^'^"'' ^l'«0" brls.TreaS [500 brls.; crackers, 400 brls.; cornmeal
pork iloo hfP' ^P^i P"«^' ^'^0 bil Ese S r. '• ' ^^^' I'^^O half-brls. Cheese, 500 boxes ; hams, 50 crates- oleol
obico 2^ hSV ''""T^ ^'000 ^'^^es looacco, 25 hhds.: su phuric acid inr
cases; pitch and tar, 150 bHs ho s'es 4 mules, 25; sheep, 200. ' ' ^'
Surely here is evidence of a market open to us inviting us, and'the qrstfon may well be asked if this is the VvevaTe monthly consumption at this- one 3 what must the iVeeds be of the eiSh'e West Indian Islands ? Still more Gules! on'e'r fo" r'^ ^**be imports 7fhL Joeet, 4,8i,8 brls. ; bread, 420,229 brls • bricks, 2,508,792; butte'r, 494,232 lbs •' tallow candles, 39,020 lbs'.; cheese, 202 ^ ilVwl ^«'»- cheese, 73,844 lbs. ; coals 52,599 tons; confectionery, 71,533 lbs •
aned, 72,141 cwt.; flour, 138,744 brls ■ hams and bacon, 260,811 'lbs.; 'hay, 959: la'd 402'oirff ^r'V' ^'^52,082' lbs ',- raLthr'Srri^'-' ^'"^^^''' 8,924,362 feet
o7Bllll4Y'4fs""oieom:' '''''' 'T.^^- ' 482 1bs.;oniont l.bt78TlS""Ll^S beans, 106,427 bush. ; soaps, 1 401,935 lbs -
II
?Sn.,^^- ^•^' ^^^'^<^2; leaf tobacco, 709,607 lbs.; staves (R. O.), 904,859 m:iniifactuied tobacco, 39,791 lbs.
These articles do not by any means rop'-esent the total imports foi- the year 1 have only noted the articles in which we have a direct interest, nearly every one of which we can supply. . What a market do these figures prove IS open to Canada in these colonies' It will doubtless have occuned to hon gentlemen that no reference has been made to the manufactmes of our country tor which, in my judgment, there is also a most favorable opening. Two manu- facturers agents, at least, are now anxious to test the opening.
I have heard •' used as an objection that the employme rf steamers in this trade would mean luin to the fishermen of Nova bcotia and Newfoundland, and I can only express my surprise that anyone should venture such a statement. Suppose for one moment that we set our face against the using of steamers, because our Halifax and Newfoundland merchants own sailinir vessels which they employ in this trade will that settle the matter? Can we assume that if we do not use steamers the United States will not use them? Nothing of the kind ; they are using them to-day, and are u^iing them to the disad- vantage of the meichants from Halifax and Newfoundland, from the simple fact that they can, by steamer, send three cargoes for every one which can be sent by sailing vessels, and are so sendinif them. °
Again if fish is a perishable article, is It more likely to open in fiesh and in its prime condition after a passage of ei^ht days than it would be aftei- a passage of twenty-four in the tropics ? No class of persons would be so likely, in my opinion, to beneht by such a change as the very class ot persons who, it is claimed, would be injui-ed.
I am glad that I am able also to dis- prove a statement which I hsid to meet in the West Indies, and which I was unable to contradict—that is, as to the character ?"^,^P".^''® «f oui* floui-, as to the flour Itself being unsuilodfor a tropical climate and the price being too high. Both of these objections are dealt with by prac- tical men, and the information comes to me through a letter addressed to the Sec-
retary of the Boanl of Trade, which I think hon. gentlemen will not object to my reading:
" Toronto, 20th February, 1889.
. "DEARSiH.-The chicfobstacletotheestablish- .ng and ma.nta uin^ of a flour business with the West Indies ami British JSuiana, provided there were proper freight f.icilitlTs, is this : the growi ur of wheat in Canada has not yei reached suf h d men- I sions as o insure a surplus for export from em y crop. Without such a surplus, that cau X reUeJ on as permanent, business cannot be estab ished
?hpfiii*f'"''^'*^"'"f ^'^^ competitors who are in the held permanently. »■«- lu
" This objection will be overcome in time bv the thT&h-Weft.'''' wheat country of ManTtobJand
"Thellon. Mr Macdonald, inhis paper, makes the statement that Canada flour is oAoo K a grade-too expensive-and will not keen in southern latitudes. P "*
^♦.'.IJi?** '* '* of a.high grade must in itself be a strong recommendation, not an objection. That It IS too high in price is not because it is too high at our seaboard at such years as we have an el- portable surp us, for in sucli years we can and do compete in price with the whole world
' The third objection— its non-keeping quality- refers rather to flour made in Canada years ago than to what is made in the best Canadian mills Zwfl' an, confident that Canadian millers Tow a w^.u""" entirely tree from this objection. With a permai.int exportable surplus-which we will eventually have-and wit*!, shipZe facilities as goju as our competitors have, Cana- dian millers can successfully compete in quality and price with the world 7or the trade Tf tS countries mentioned.
"I am, yours truly, <'E.A.WEi.LS,E8q.>' "M- MCLAUGHLIN.
In this connection, also, I am persuaded that an extract from a letter of Mr. George A Chapman, a leading grain merchant, will also prove interesting. He says :
J'ki-^^^^^T''^'* ^^** '*■ * steam service was from hp P ^°' *''^''r ^^'''^ years, by a subsidy fc T !.-^°!^''2"'^?^ *°.*\en extend beyond the West Indies to Brazil and the Argentine Kepublic, If thought advisable, that fuircargoes could bo obtained out and home for this service, and thus enable us to importall our sugars, molasses, etc., direct, instead of through tEe (jnited States, a» most of them are now brought in, and would, more- over, put us in a position (at all events as far as this trade IS concerned) to be independent, in case
Unite'd st"tfs.'^''''" " '^""^ ^^^^^ ^''"^ ^y '^^ \' I feel assured also that there is sufficient enter- prise m our commercial men to carry on the trade when once fairly established.
"GEORGE CHAPMAN."
1 have also letters from a number of in substantial firms engaged in the West Indmn ti-ade, from various parts of the IJominion, which I will not detain the House to lead ; but while talking about
;.1''V« h'«farcnvolItoEnn..„.f^™^ House in
tries whosn ti.nj^ i ^. '^ther coun- 1 fn«rn..-i. ./^ ' 'i"" '^^ <ne Amencan peonle
acoorcJed him at thSt tte. he .a^^ :'P*'""
^rdSShrre^it'i^d^caSto'''' '^''^°°''-' "fall fc:„r_^'" «"d bow hoar/, '^i°«f«t the outset
a« important to us s«I S' "'■\'''^" "'>' tries whose trade wo hi ^'^ ''*^^'" ^'^"^i i"g. and to n aintah. n? ^''" "^"■^^^«^- yith them, to ZtZ![ZTn f't'^T development of our tri? .^'?''*^'' ^''^^
ought always to be tho •*" 'V^^ ^^^""^
which would brin.^ with fi conditions "nderstand what I was ''^^^"dit gave nfe to humiliation No^nlV;! ^"''^ '' ^^^''^^ of I S^'J''** ^ ^«« aSK ^ot ;„*" ««f P* and
« .nation a.s'i,rS tiff'^'V^ ^"«M ^"-^- ^^^^
cringe for trade witi; ,?« !u^^'" ^""^ O'" ^^". ''^''"''st" was ^not ovn^'?"f '" that the aW? But Ijetween IS ?^: ^^^^er nation. diplomatic fu„cUona"y, ISH ■" ^'. -""^^y a
theoneh.SnYS rnu:rr^'-^-M^^^^^^^^^^^^^
on the other to a.-HvI 1 ' P^'''^l«tency ng dangers ;biKu^""^^'"/? against and anticinir
the fair humanities of life " '"^''^ ^^'"^ °ne in aU And a^'-ain :
increasing intercouise hpL/'^'i* V"^ constantly , "ca, its friendliness and :t=" ^^'?"'' *"'' ^""-
«<^?<""ty against milu„de?standinT"'*'''u^'"'t the
" While that continues thPv.^ "V«t be found.
I than_friendly. UnlLX t'Llt'l^^J ^e otherwise
ing, clear, diiniSod .'"".""^^''^^and-
thei'e is the ffSo.t n m , "^^'""^ageous, The faHuif of ' ^ "'^'"'^ (lifforence. ' <loe8 no X any mZ ^"'".'"^'-^^'a' treaty one is not to bo aTtrmn/"lJ^'>^?"t«"other followed up bv s?,, 1^^^'^' ""^ this to be a« «uch eliL can bTf n"^''"^"' "^^' '""g the maintenlt^honof ''^"^^ "P -'*^
wS^STto'lJ^^S]^^ States is one|::"W?i:ffiSSS5F=^^n5^ laj'irest nn«u;Ki utilized by us to the ^^'^^ Wendly. Unluckv •r^^'^annot be otherwise
iderouS;To';,riu\rfro"^'^"*--'^^
with the utmost !n!"^'r P'"'^'^ecuting sharp ^ords maJ or.t ?"'^?"d on tLe other' Would lead to f if '^^ '"^'^ a policy as ""^^""ded or iSant ton°- ^'»^ '''' spoken b^
ftandingld'^e.JbVra^^rr''^^^
largest possible extent th/"'^^. '" ^^e the surface J^dCtS^i^dVuM'"/ """"^"^^^^^^^^^
«ach other. "^'^"^ ^^' "markets of -^ gone, <in the deep bo"oVonhe7c?an Errfe?-".*?
reach
us
as reported in the papers It7n. f- I any way affect my ailSm^n. iT."^* ^"
argument, or leave
me
them to dwoKolt' •? *'"''"«'' f^'-' bors only but as f JS 1 ^^'' ""* "■* "«'fe'h-
them to do air/h I' T ''"^^'S^' *^^- enough to do nil tui -H ""'C' room change its alle^Snce ' ^'^ '' neceHsary to
^ag^^Sentrt^Ls:^
of mine so uKd dt H^' ?^" ''''''^' "one <lo I dci^rto modk'"!: ^tho"'/; then, «o think I now Sfll "^'''*
not forget: vve are Int t^ "^ '^^^ "^""^t in our exports we «?. *« ««"ce.ve that if
that,theSore onrl -r* ^'^'"^' '^«'>'°^l
e»ch year durir h" la,t firi™""'''^ woad have bear, „„ '"st "fteen years
indeed thnf «T .^'^P^^tation bo modest
Chambe -w ilTavk'woffr'.I*^'""" ^" ^hL able one wS ^^"^'"^ bo an unreason- ufl ? WK V?.*^* "^^"^^ tbat have ffiven
wouW W been 50 p:Z°:lXlX:i he traae of ... ArgentS: tpXX'
Mr:£iSeS2,^',\vr.a?ra.ii:ij;£
a qu.„„. „„ f;;; J a »;»>«Ken*>« than
iI882t„ :885,a„7 ,"„"ir/ "'"''' f"™
y««"K life 'and ' L'o '%''-t"'r,"'' '""• while other countrU>» no? n„ "".''""Fy
n« £ ?ot ■""eeiniitd".'- ^ T"™-
rors>or'S5;---^
from iuTtn'oi ° "J bv" ""P'"' people, if that 6e tos, Me alf fT'i .l™
novcr makp iL "'""P'^' """ "o will
fuii^frab^adS' t°,r "? ™"""-y
of our own f.,..!ft ' ^^^ tbe native merit
whe're fair ootSreSori^l.^i^lil^ ;P,^r"S reward. Not unfii tui .'" ,™^et vsrith its
country occi nv h^ '' ^"^"^ ^'" ««• which Ihe?i^, fitted^nir^"' P"-^i"e" fulfil the high destinv whinl ' "'''' "^'^ ''^^ her ^ utstiny which now awaits
extended so 8fP«H;i,. ^i. ^ "* ^^^''^ been
, H8en ?o1boVtS'{i™;,'theT. V ^ "T jimport., from Britain " °' '""'
Bhe rwi^o^tX,^""'","' "'"t "O'-M
her,otaTttd,'o^°i58?0°'2«?''?',-^'"' which £213,0«,5ofre^S'h^*;«;»f
111
I,
14
r
I
5
J I
Who can estimate to what extent this is ^.e secret of her power? Go where you w.ll, yon will fin(f the handicnift ofLr looms; you will see the nkill of her arti- zuns; and vhcrever the powei- of J,er commerce is felt there will also be fbu.^d the blossings of her civilization; and hence It IS that to-day one may iind in her markets "Parthians, Modes and Elamites --in tact, men of every coloj-, and i-ace and lan^mage under Heaven ''
There is much that a Government can do to foster trade, but it cannot compel men to go to markets which it opens- it cannot compH men to ,eap the harvest which It pui, within their reach That must be done by the men themselves ; they must bo brought into touch with the great business houses at all points or centres if
li h! f^'^'T''^ ?^"''^ "^'^ departure is to be entirely i-ealized.
How are we to reach the condition of things which ,s going to bring us the
tion with ipe development of trade with the countries we have been .onsidering what will we need ? *'
1st. A perfect system of steam commu- mca ion, a class of vessels in every way fitted for freight and passenger eirvice
from n^ri';^' •, 'P''^ -''*" "«* ^««« than 11 om 13 to 15 miles per hour
• ^"^j-i'f" ^ffi^Jent cable service. It seems mcredib^ that cable messages from and to the West Indian Islandl cost ?o-day frrm 12s. to 15s. (id. sterling per woiY
fact that the cable system is connected, in addition to Its British connection, with French, Spanish and Danish Islands as well as with the United States. '
^id. A satisfactory jjostal service, the present one being as unsatisfactory as it can well be. j- "o n
4th. The improvement of the liirht- house service, if time and safety are t J be «ecured--for while no coast line on the
Sod tI'^T ^^"S«^'""«. "on*^' is worse IVghted. This I suppose is an Imperial
^RK '■'!"* "^"^ ^^^^^'^ important.^
5lh. The removal of every obstacle which acts as a barrier to the carrying on ti^^ 7t«»ded trade between both cSun tries. Unless this is done the expenditure upon ships or cables would be a waste of money for it may be regarded asasettled principle in business that no nation will
,deal with any other which, by any t^on 7m "^"^^'"^"^ ••«"'««'•« the introduc^ ii sue .?Z" P;•«^"«^^i'«P«««ible, and that in sucii cases transactions will be limited strictly to those which are the result of necessity only. '^»»n or
I an, aware that the ground may bo taken that the past has been a season of
ST-'^'lr't' it represents "ha chap e, ,„ the history of a young country
founlr"'"f •' ^'^f^^-^^odas the one ?f foundation-laying; that, as in the case in the foundation of great structures, much ot the expenditure does not immediately appear; that its value, so far as appc.,,. ances are concei-ned, are prospective. So " „, '"^"'i?'' ^t must (,e held that the as tor the business of the country, for the
7eT\-uf "'"' P?''P""^' «^' ^t^ home! T h'u '^''"Ses and citios. and that it
tre"ft.„U ""r r"'^'''"' '^ ^'^P^'^t at present the fruits which are certain at soilie sub- seqiient period to be gathered; that the
bmik w^''^'' ''^y *^ """^'« ""d harbors, bieak-waters ancf graving docks. I am
IL^?Z? ^"^ ^% *^"^ ♦his argument is 7hll- *«'*^t'.«nd although I believe that the pei-iod which lies between preparation and completion has not only been Lched^ but has pa.ssed, and that for some years at least, we should have had results which we have failed to find ; although I think so, yet I am not disposed to weaken, by any wo ds of mine the force which such a stateirient may be expected to carry. But
rZJ^'' '"?!! " P^^^ ^^" he no^^nger laised now that roads have been built rivers deepened, canals enlarged and the whole system of rail and rivfr communi! cation perfected, let us have results. This House will look for them ; let us be assured the country will.
I have spoken somewhat plainly; with the facts Wore me I do not see howl could have done otherwise.
These facts have revealed to my own mind a state of things for which I was not prepared, a state of things which I think cannot continue without danger 1 trust, however, that honorable gentle- men have had no difficulty in realizing
Ittn^pl hT "°* ''««" presented in a epuit of hostility, und that their tenor has been so apparent that it is not necessary that I should disclaim any such intention. 1 venture to think that the subject which
^
15
I have brought under the notice of this Chamber, however imperfectly it has been preKOiited, is one of the most important which can engage the attention of Parlia- ment. Many questions underlie its con- sideration. Arc wo to be content with our pre^iont markets, or are we to look for new ones? Arc our farmers to feel that with the present outlets open to them they are to be satisfied ? Are our manufactuiers to feel that the bounds of their operations are to be the limits of their own country, or aie they to fed that wider fields invite their skill with fail' p.-ospects of profitable returns ? Are we ourselves to be satisfied with the present expoit trade of our country, or are wc not rather to seize the opportunities which offer of extending our trade and of making our countjy better known ?
It may be well to consider that stiiking results are not to be immediatel}' expected, at least from the West Indian trade. Too long by us has that trade been neglected ; too long have our American neighbors enjoyed its advantages to be immediately supplanted; too deep -are the channels which the commei-ce of these islands have coursed out to bo immediately diveited ; too intricate are the commeicial relations which have spiung tip between the West Indian and the American merchants, rela- tions I have no doubt which are pleasant and satisfactojy ; too long have these existed to be rudely severed, but we can greatly change the character of the volume of trade which exists with these islands as between the United States and our- selves to-day, and in time, by pei-sistency. will doubtless attain a position which will fully establish the value of these markets to us. Can this great change be brought about ?
How is it to be accomplished ? In the precise way in which a merchant increases the volume of his trade. What does he do? He has before him the operations of preceding years, the sales, payments, profits and losses of each. He has before him the operations of each day, and week, and month and season of the previous years. He has an object to accomplish, and he intends to succeed ; hence, results a Q expected from each day. Is he beaten in the open market? He faces the con- dition of things which circumstances forces upon him. He cannot afford to
have any fancied excellence of his own
commodities stand in the way of their
sale. He must impiess his customer with
j the fact that it is to his advantage to buy
I from him. If there is a serious falling otf
in hi.s trade in any locality, or with nny
customer, it is discovered and lemedicd.
i If wrong has been done, unconsciously, it is
I corrected, and if circumstances call for an
apology it is made, not waiting until one
is demanded. Jf incomjK'tent workers are
I preventing results, or failing to achieve
[ them, they are removed. If the field of
operations is circumscribed it is enlarged,
and the result is that the year closes with
the accomplishment of the purpose which
the merchant placed before him at its
beginning. He hits made the addition to
his sales that he contemplated, and it was
secured by inceasing vigilance. It will
require the same watchful oversight to
secure the needed increase to the export
trade of our country. That our export
trade has not had that oversight is, I think,
abundahtly evident fiom the results, and
equally clear is it that no change is to be
expected unless such a plan as has beien
indicated is adopted.
Who is to do this? Carlyle says that " He who would act faithfully must believe fiimly." One in many respects as great a man as Carlyle — I mean tne late Bishop Frasei-, of Manchester, has said " That if a man is wholly out of gear with his time he cannot influence." Never, in my hum- , ble judgment, has there been in the histc of our country such an opportunity as the' one which now exists foi- a Government to distinguish itself in initiating measures bioad, generous and far-reaching for the development of our trade with otht nations; never such an opportunity for a Minister, however wisely and however well he may have done his work in the past, to secure for his country that which it needs, and to add to his own reputation for wise statesmanship. Such opportu- nities come rarely, either in the history of nations or individuals. All the more impoitant that they should be seized and turned to account. But it must be a man who, while ho would act faithfully, believe firmly. It must be a man who has faith in the possibilities of his country, faith in its resources ; faith in the intelligence, in the industry and skill of its people; faith to believe that whatever can be done by
16
othevs can be c one by Canudinns, and that ma. f„r man they are equal in abili y intelli^ronce, in eneim. ,„d i„ I'.'f' " anyclaHsotrnenina^y;"- oni™^^^^^
Man's firnt word, «ays .lulins Hare i,
ine vvoid, and, as a consequence never producin^r satisfactoiy results '
fOf^ many with greater liM.'t sav "nn"
j;o.t^^,,ft, ,„„„,,, •;.|«-.jK,|j the,,.
^ ,.T«^^few are there who, havinir nassnrl
through the crucial Deri wl "h i' •
jeached the final ntage^^^T/'yes " ^^^
, lull consciousness of all which th«t VJ^ ^
' >rnplie« to themselves aLrother^' ^"^
J3ut when you find such a man you find
undertaken responsibilities, and who is
we ml?" *^^ ^^'"'"i^tiationof suchaman h.fh^^ ^""P^^* *^ ««« marvellous res^fts
I hope to see new markets onened fn..
our fore ,t8 and our fisheries '
o„;.nl?''iT^ new markets opened for our manufactures, now largely shut un ti
ImteZ^T ''■'^' DomiSio^.Td tC msteaxl of pressing Hpon each othei- asTn
ss^c^iSteS
time, give full employment to their hand "
Sure^f t liis' i'''°"? V'^ *''*^"- "»'"'^^^h:^ ^"ior> th s is not too much to evi».f./
'Sorely this cannot be retra d. I '^' I'xtravagant forecast •^^^"'^'"'J •'« »»
Sixteen yeais ago our trade with the
r> 0 2' "^' ^\'^ ""t more than
»-,<^01,4(.8 1 ela,m that instea.l of bein. less t ought to have been moie; I ut t IWs has 1 eon /r' ''•^■r".'-i"K, that tl/at whk'h has been the cojulition of things once m..!r ;|;;^|;an be re,.che.l again. C^^^ , ; ? ' "' '"'y *''"' t-onversant witH
„f i ■ ■ ^"" ^" open up new trade •
wnicn hab to be faced, and it ouo-ht ir K« I'ravely done, with a tlxed e?S nation not only to .each in the market tern s
hon leaS o f t n r ' ""•^^'*^**'"'» *^ tb«
ciuunb:^ijit!::^h!;:^i;;r:^i^^
9nnf\T ' "^ ''^•''^e'« 0^' not less than KV ""^ '?"""' "" "''""""CO fclt and to
go far to neutralize the effect of even improved steam communication ifs^ cheapened cable svstem A ^ J
reiiecPtion will showTo?all btinr ^ ' sages must be circumscribed S .ates' varying from $2.75 to $4 per woi^ Tht may need negotiations wi/h ot^er powet . but unless cable messages are brought * within reasonable limits, say of' no S than from 40 cents to 60 centra woT J
mlvorenl'hfy'^T'^ '^«* Governments may open the way to new markets mav
remove obstacles, may subsidize sJeaCJ
ttmX?,?tT«^ ''f P^^P'« *« «v«il tnemseives of these advantatres Tn tho
case of our people there is litTfear Let
estlv lirr^"* ''' "''""* ^^« ^^^k earn- estly let It protsecute it diligentlv let it
jwKjJbKa